Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences

 Multiple Intelligences



In his book Frames Of Mind: The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences, Howard Earl Gardner first presented the theory of multiple intelligences, which he had created in 1983. Its foundation rejects the notion that there is a single dominating form of intelligence and instead recognizes the existence of several intelligences that combine in a special way in every person. The hypothesis of multiple intelligences, which initially received a cautious response, now is widely accepted in the field of learning and offers a distinctive perspective on how people learn. Gardner emphasizes that his approach allows for various methods of instruction rather than just one, empowering students and removing any limitations on their choice of learning style. Seven intelligences were identified in his 1991 research; however, he now believes that there are total of nine intelligences.

The first type of intelligence given is Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence, which means, excellent linguistic abilities and awareness of the rhythms, sounds, and meanings of words; Mathematical-Logical Intelligence, the capability to recognize logical or numerical patterns as well as the capacity to think conceptually and abstractly; Musical Intelligence, the capability to create and enjoy pitch, timbre, and rhythm; Visual-Spatial Intelligence, the ability to properly and abstractly visualize through the use of images and visuals; Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence, the capability to exert control over one's movements and handle objects deftly; Interpersonal Intelligences, the ability to recognize and react appropriately to other people's emotions, drives, and desires; Intrapersonal Intelligence, the ability to be aware of oneself and in touch with one's inner thoughts, values, and thought processes; Naturalist Intelligence, the capability to identify and classify plants, animals, and other natural items; and lastly is the Existential Intelligence, the awareness of and ability to address important issues pertaining to human existence, such as the purpose of life, why we die, and how we got here.

This approach has a significant influence since it enables educators to develop ways to instruct every learner in their own style, allowing them to maximize their abilities rather than relying solely on a single teaching strategy which only works for some students. Students who want to achieve in the world must understand the value of multiple intelligences. They will benefit from knowing their preferred learning style and the kinds of careers they should pursue. Understanding students from diverse cultures is also beneficial because there are numerous varieties of intelligent mindsets. A much more equitable society in which everyone has chance to succeed and advance will be created as a result of knowledge of these intelligences.

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